What is the Difference Between Osteoarthritis and Degenerative Joint Disease?

Osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease are frequently misunderstood conditions impacting the joints. While they share some commonalities, they are distinct in several ways.

Osteoarthritis is a form of degenerative joint disease marked by the breakdown of cartilage, the cushioning material between bones. It typically occurs with aging and is often seen in weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine.

Conversely, degenerative joint disease is a broader term that includes various joint conditions characterized by the progressive deterioration of joint structures. This category can encompass osteoarthritis as well as other conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or post-traumatic arthritis.

Understanding Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a prevalent degenerative joint disease affecting millions of people worldwide. It is often confused with degenerative joint disease, but there are key differences.

Osteoarthritis, or OA, primarily affects the cartilage in the joints. Cartilage is the smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones, allowing them to glide smoothly against each other. In individuals with osteoarthritis, this cartilage breaks down over time, leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joints.

Common symptoms include joint pain, especially after periods of inactivity or overuse, stiffness that improves with movement, joint swelling, and a limited range of motion. These symptoms can vary in intensity depending on the severity of the condition.

The causes of osteoarthritis are multifactorial, including age, genetics, obesity, joint injuries, and repetitive joint stress. As we age, the cartilage in our joints naturally wears down, making us more susceptible to developing osteoarthritis. Additionally, certain genetic factors can increase the risk.

While there is no actual cure for osteoarthritis, there are a number of things your doctor may recommend. These may include the following:

Physical Therapy: Range of Motion and strength exercises
Increase activity. Go on walks, do some light stretching, etc.
Weight loss
Surgery: This is usually the last option if other treatments have not been effective

If you are experiencing significant pain, limited mobility, or other persistent symptoms despite conservative treatment, it may be time to consider surgical options. Consult with our experienced orthopedic specialists to learn whether surgery is the right choice for you.

Degenerative Joint Disease

Degenerative joint disease, also known as osteoarthritis, is a common condition affecting the joints, particularly weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine. It is characterized by the breakdown of cartilage, the tissue that cushions the ends of bones and allows smooth joint movement.

One key difference between osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease is the terminology. While osteoarthritis is the more commonly known term, degenerative joint disease is a broader term encompassing various conditions causing joint degeneration.

Osteoarthritis specifically refers to the degeneration of joints due to wear and tear over time. It is typically associated with aging and is more prevalent in individuals over 50. On the other hand, degenerative joint disease can include conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and other inflammatory joint diseases.

The underlying causes of these conditions also differ. Osteoarthritis is primarily caused by the gradual breakdown of cartilage, which can be accelerated by factors like obesity, joint injuries, and genetic predisposition. Degenerative joint disease, however, can have various causes, including autoimmune disorders, metabolic disorders, and systemic diseases.

When it comes to risk factors, both osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease share similarities. Age, obesity, joint overuse, and previous joint injuries increase the risk of developing both conditions. However, certain risk factors, such as a family history of osteoarthritis or the presence of autoimmune diseases, may specifically increase the likelihood of degenerative joint disease.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease are similar conditions affecting the joints, but there are key differences in their diagnosis and treatment methods. Understanding these differences can help individuals receive appropriate care and manage their symptoms effectively.

Methods for diagnosing osteoarthritis:

Osteoarthritis is typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests. A healthcare professional will inquire about the patient’s symptoms, such as joint pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion. They may also ask about any previous injuries or conditions that may contribute to joint problems. During the physical examination, the doctor will assess the affected joints for tenderness, swelling, and deformities.

To confirm the diagnosis, imaging tests like X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or computed tomography (CT) scans may be ordered. These tests can provide detailed images of the joints, showing any signs of cartilage damage, bone spurs, or joint space narrowing.

Treatment options for osteoarthritis:

The treatment for osteoarthritis aims to relieve pain, improve joint function, and slow down the progression of the disease. It often involves a combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches.

Non-pharmacological treatments include lifestyle modifications like weight management, regular exercise, and physical therapy. Assistive devices, such as braces or splints, may be recommended to support the affected joints. Additionally, heat or cold therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and acupuncture may provide symptom relief.

Pharmacological treatments may include over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In severe cases, prescription medications or intra-articular injections of corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid may be necessary.

Prevention strategies for osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease:

While it may not be possible to prevent osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease entirely, certain lifestyle choices can help reduce the risk or delay the onset of these conditions. Maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular low-impact exercise, and avoiding repetitive joint stress can be beneficial. Protecting joints from injury, practicing good posture, and using ergonomic equipment can also contribute to joint health.

It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan based on individual needs. By understanding the differences between osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disease, individuals can take proactive steps to manage their joint health effectively.

Lifestyle Modifications

Living with osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease (DJD) can be challenging, but making certain lifestyle modifications can help manage the condition and improve your quality of life. Here are some recommendations:

Exercise and physical activity recommendations: Regular exercise is crucial for maintaining joint health and managing the symptoms of osteoarthritis and DJD. Low-impact activities such as walking, swimming, or cycling can help strengthen the muscles around the joints, reduce pain, and improve flexibility. It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional or physical therapist to develop a personalized exercise plan that suits your specific needs and limitations.

Healthy diet and nutrition tips: Eating a well-balanced diet can play a significant role in managing osteoarthritis and DJD. Incorporate foods rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids found in fish like salmon and tuna. Avoid processed foods, sugary drinks, and excessive alcohol consumption, as they can worsen inflammation and contribute to weight gain.

Alternative therapies for managing osteoarthritis: In addition to conventional treatments, some alternative therapies may provide relief from joint pain and stiffness. These include acupuncture, massage therapy, yoga, and herbal supplements. However, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional before trying any alternative therapy to ensure it is safe and suitable for your condition.

By incorporating these lifestyle modifications into your daily routine, you can effectively manage the symptoms of osteoarthritis and DJD, improve joint function, and enhance your overall well-being.

When lifestyle changes do not help, it may be time to consult with a physician to see if surgery is an option. If you would like to learn more about managing osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease, we encourage you to make an appointment with our experienced orthopedic specialists at Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute. Our team will provide personalized care and treatment options tailored to your specific needs. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and take the first step towards a better quality of life.

Book an Appointment with The Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute Today!

JOI Physicians continue to offer online new patient appointments. This is another option to make it more convenient to make new patient appointments with less phone hold times. Follow the link below to select your JOI MD and schedule online.

New to JOI, you can now schedule your follow up appointments and cancel appointments on the JOI Portal.

To make appointments with JOI Rehab, please call 904-858-7045.