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A Wellness Newsletter on Stress, Sleep and Relaxation by JOI To learn more about how to handle stress, relaxation and your sleep patterns, please follow the link to this article. Sleep is so important for the prevention of injuries and for the healing process. Stress Everyday adolescents experience stress in a variety of ways. Stress can be good (eustress) or bad (distress) depending on the situation and the individual’s outlook. Stress can occur suddenly (acute) or develop and continue over time (chronic). A person may be stressed out and think negatively of a situation, while another person may enjoy and embrace the same situation. It is important to recognize what exactly is causing your stress. It may be schoolwork, sports, relationships, or even the bright green color of the heading on this page. Studies suggest the two highest stress environments for adolescents are school and home. Stress and Sleep Related Disorders Managing Stress A good way to minimize stress after recognizing the stressor is to deal with it right away and not let it build up. This may mean seeking counseling/ advice from a professional or trustworthy adult and/or focusing on completing tasks that are causing stress. Sleep and relaxation can also reduce stress; these are discussed in detail on the following page. Not managing stress can have negative health effects. Adolescents respond to stress quicker than adults because the part of the brain that assesses and calls off the stress response, the prefrontal cortex, is not yet fully developed. Over time, the stress response can go on too long and wear out the immune system and leave the body feeling depleted. Distress can lead to negative symptoms and can be the precursor for future disease. It is important to avoid alcohol, tobacco and drugs when attempting to relieve stress. These substances keep the body stressed and lead to more problems. Stress is a natural function of the body, but it needs to be maintained to insure the health of an individual. Sleep Schedule Adolescents in today’s society struggle to receive the proper amount of sleep on a nightly basis. There are many different factors that attribute to this lack of sleep. As children grow and become teenagers, their hormones undergo different changes that affect their sleep cycle. The circadian rhythm refers to the body’s natural sleep cycle. Different factors can disrupt this natural cycle such as the presence of light. As the body senses light, the production of melatonin decreases, but increases in darkness. Melatonin is produced in the pineal gland, which is located in the center of the brain, and released into the bloodstream when the body senses darkness and thinks it’s time to sleep. After the individual sleeps and senses the presence of light, melatonin production is stopped until nighttime and the person begins to wake up. This cycle helps to create a sleep schedule. JOI Stress and Sleep Disorders Sleep Complications and Improvements There are different complications that can interfere with the sleep cycle. Having insufficient melatonin production can make falling asleep very difficult. Other factors include the activities performed during the day, stress and anxiety, medications taken, types of foods and drinks consumed, exposure to light before bed and the sleep environment. Teens with sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, insomnia, restless leg syndrome and narcolepsy should be evaluated by a physician or sleep professional. Take steps to improve your sleep quality and duration. As a student, it is difficult to acquire the recommended amount of sleep (about 9 hours for teens) with the early start of most schools. It is difficult to get to sleep at an earlier hour during the school week after staying up over the weekend. Thus, going to bed around the same time every night will make falling asleep easier. Make sure not to stimulate the mind before bed. Avoid bright lights, put away the electronics and try to wind down. This way the body will sense this routine and prepare for rest. Also, create a cool, calm and comfortable sleep environment Optimization of Sleep The body needs rest and relaxation to recharge and perform at an optimum level. If you miss sleep during the week, make up those lost hours on the weekends but make sure to continue to go to bed at the same time everyday if possible. A study performed on 3,000 high school students showed that students with A’s and B’s obtained 25 minutes of more rest and went to bed 40 minutes earlier than students receiving C’s, D’s and F’s. Being well rested decreases negative, depressing feelings and increases attentiveness, energy and the overall ability to perform well in the classroom. Also Watch The Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute on YOUTUBE! Related Articles: Best Sleep Positions, Exercise Fatigue and How to Sleep With Neck Pain JOI and JOI Rehab JOI Physicians continue to offer online new patient appointments. This is another option to make it more convenient to make new patient appointments with less phone hold times. Follow the link below to select your JOI MD and schedule online. You can still call 904-JOI-2000 to make new patient JOI Physician Appointments if that is your preference. To make appointments with JOI Rehab, please call 904-858-7045. Schedule with JOI Rehab

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