JOI Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute

Hip Arthroplasty Surgery and Recovery: A Patient’s Guide

Hip arthroplasty, commonly known as hip replacement surgery, is a life-changing procedure that can offer significant relief to individuals suffering from chronic hip pain, arthritis, or joint degeneration. This surgery involves replacing the damaged parts of the hip joint with artificial components, restoring mobility, and improving the quality of life. 

However, like any major surgery, hip arthroplasty requires careful consideration, preparation, and a commitment to post-operative care.

blank

What is Hip Arthroplasty Surgery?

Hip arthroplasty surgery is performed to replace a worn-out or damaged hip joint with an artificial one, made from durable material like metal, plastic, or ceramic. The procedure is typically recommended for individuals suffering from severe hip pain or disability, often caused by conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fractures, or avascular necrosis. 

There are two primary types of hip replacement surgery: 

  1. Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA): This is the most common procedure, where both the acetabulum and femoral head are replaced with artificial components. 
  1. Hip Resurfacing: This is a less invasive procedure typically reserved for younger, more active patients. It involves capping the femoral head with a metal covering, rather than replacing it entirely. 

The goal of hip replacement surgery is to reduce pain, restore mobility, and allow patients to return to their everyday activities.

Preparing for Hip Arthroplasty Surgery

Like with any other surgery, there are things you may need to prepare beforehand for a successful operation. 

  1. Pre-Operative Assessment and Tests

Before the surgery, your orthopedic surgeon will perform a thorough evaluation. This may include a physical exam, blood tests, and imaging studies (such as X-rays or MRIs) to assess the extent of damage to your hip joint. You will also discuss your medical history, any medications you are taking, and other health conditions that could affect the surgery or recovery process. 

  1. Lifestyle Changes

In the days leading up to your surgery, your surgeon may advise you to stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners, to reduce the risk of complications. You might also be asked to refrain from smoking and drinking alcohol, as these can impair healing and increase the risk of infections. 

  1. Physical Therapy (Pre-Hab)

Some surgeons recommend pre-operative physical therapy to help strengthen the muscles around the hip and increase the chances of a smoother recovery. Physical therapy may involve exercises to enhance flexibility, strength, and balance. 

  1. Organizing your Home and Support System

The first few days or weeks after surgery you will need some assistance, it is important to prepare your home and environment. Consider making modifications like clearing pathways, setting up a comfortable resting area, and organizing essential items within easy reach. You may also want to arrange for a friend, family member, or caregiver to assist with daily tasks during the initial recovery phase. 

blank

The Day of Surgery: What to Expect

On the day of surgery, you will likely be asked to arrive several hours before the scheduled hip arthroplasty procedure. Here are a few hospital preparations that may be done:

  1. Hospital Admission and Preparation

Once you are admitted into the hospital and placed in a pre-operative area, you will change into a hospital gown and an intravenous (IV) line will be inserted into your arm for the administration of fluids and medications. The surgical team will verify your identity, the surgical site, and the planned procedure to prevent any errors. 

  1. Anesthesia

You’ll be given anesthesia before the surgery begins. There are two types of anesthesia:

  • General Anesthesia: If administered, you will be fully asleep throughout the procedure. 
  • Regional anesthesia: In some cases, a spinal or epidural block may be used to numb the lower part of your body, allowing you to remain awake but relaxed. 
  1. The Surgery

Hip replacement surgery typically takes around 1 to 2 hours. The surgeon will make an incision over the hip area, remove the damaged joint components, and replace them with artificial hip components. In the case of total hip arthroplasty, the surgeon will replace both the femoral head and the acetabulum. The surgery is typically done through a posterior, lateral, or anterior approach, depending on the surgeon’s preference and the patient’s anatomy. 

  1. Post-Operative Recovery

After the surgery, you will be moved to a recovery room where the medical staff will monitor your vital signs and ensure that the anesthesia wears off safely. You may experience some grogginess, nausea, or discomfort, but these will usually subside within a few hours.

At Home Recovery: Weeks 1-6

After leaving the hospital, your recovery will continue at home. Here’s what to expect during the first few weeks of recovery from hip arthroplasty: 

  1. Managing Pain and Swelling

You may still experience some swelling and discomfort in the first few weeks following surgery. Continue following your pain management plan given by your physician and use ice packs to reduce swelling. 

  1. Physical Therapy

Physical therapy will be an essential part of your recovery. You will gradually progress to more challenging exercises, including strengthening, balance training, and range of motion exercises. 

  1. Returning to Daily Activities

At this stage, you’ll gradually begin to return to your daily activities, such as walking short distances, climbing stairs, and performing light household chores. Strenuous activities like driving or exercising may be restricted until later in your recovery.

Long-Term Recovery

Most people can return to their normal activities within 3 to 6 months following hip arthroplasty, although full recovery can take up to a year or longer. 

You will continue with physical therapy throughout the recovery process. The goal is to restore full strength, flexibility, and function in your hip, ensuring you can move freely and comfortably. As you regain mobility and strength, your physical therapist will guide you through exercises to improve endurance and flexibility. 

Be sure to schedule and attend any follow-up appointments to monitor your recovery and ensure the hip replacement is functioning properly.

Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute

Hip pain is a common problem that can cause discomfort and reduce your mobility, making you unable to live life to the fullest. JOI hip physicians are experienced in diagnosing and treating hip pain. Book an appointment today with a JOI physician to discuss hip pain and discomfort.