When needing knee replacement surgery, there are a few options to look into. There are total and partial, as well as robotic knee replacement surgery. Depending on your condition, needs, and medical advice, robotic knee replacement surgery may be the option for you. When diving into research on any surgery, it is crucial to understand the pros and cons and understand your condition to select the perfect fit. In recent years, there has been a rise in robotic knee replacement surgeries, but before learning about why, it is important to understand what robotic knee surgery is.
What is Robotic Knee Replacement Surgery?
A robotic knee replacement surgery is very similar to the traditional knee replacement, except it is performed with assistance from a robotic arm that allows an increase in precision and accuracy. The surgeon removes the damaged tissue in your knee and replaces it with an artificial joint with assistance from the robotic arm. The surgery is not performed solely by a robot and is used more as a tool by the performing surgeon. This advancement in technology allows greater accuracy and better balance in the soft tissues around your knee, especially if you are a more complex case.
The surgeon starts the surgery by making small incisions around the knee and inserts a camera into the knee joint, allowing the robotic arm to remove damaged bone and cartilage. A virtual model created from CT scans is another component used in the surgery to improve the level of accuracy.
There are three types of robotic systems used in robotic knee replacement surgery:
Computerized Tomography (CT) scan for mapping removal and implant placement.
Pros of Robotic Knee Replacement Surgery
Increased Percision and Accuracy: Traditional methods, compared to the robotic surgery, offer a lower rate of accuracy when it comes to aligning the knee implant. The robot’s main part of the surgery is to assist the surgeon when aligning the implant to fit the patient. The increased accuracy this surgery provides will improve the overall function of the knee and create fewer problems down the road.
Personalization: By using imaging modalities like CT, the surgeon can create a personalized plan tailored to your specific anatomy. These scans will create a 3D model of the knee joint that is then used throughout the entire surgery by the robotic arm to promote accuracy.
Minimally Invasive: This surgery uses smaller incisions compared to the traditional route. This means the surgery, overall, is minimally invasive and will allow patients to experience less pain and fewer complications and lower the risk of infection. You will also experience a shorter stay at the hospital as well as less recovery time.
Long-Term Results: The precision associated with robotic knee replacement surgery leads to longer-lasting outcomes compared to other methods. The patient will experience improved mobility, reduced pain, and a better quality of life for a longer amount of time.
Human Error: The technological advancement creates a lower risk of human error in knee replacement surgeries. The robotic technology allows great accuracy along with the 3D scans that help map out your anatomy.
Cons of Robotic Knee Replacement Surgery
Cost: The technology used in robotic knee surgery increases the overall cost of the procedure. While some insurance plans cover this type of surgery, it is not guaranteed and may need to be paid out of pocket.
Surgeons: Whenever there is any advancement in technology, people have to learn and work towards educating themselves on the new equipment. Surgeons also have to do this. With robotic knee replacement surgery, surgeons need to have specialized training to learn how to operate and use the robotic technology for successful results. Depending on the area, you may be limited to doctors who have not yet learned this type of technology.
Technical Malfunction: Like anything electronic, the robotic system can experience malfunctions. These incidents are rare but can happen. Surgeons are trained to adapt in case this happens during a surgery.
Availability: The equipment needed for robotic knee replacement surgery is not going to be found at every hospital; you may have to look outside of your area for a facility that carries the proper equipment. This is still a relatively new technology, so hospitals in more rural areas have less likelihood of obtaining the equipment.
Patients: Individuals with other medical conditions or abnormal anatomy may not be eligible for this surgery. Certain bone defects or obesity in patients make them not ideal for this procedure, and they may need to take the traditional route. It is always important to talk to your doctor to figure out the best option for you that will provide a successful outcome.
Ideal Candidates for Robotic Knee Replacement Surgery
As mentioned before, this knee replacement surgery is not suitable for everyone. Here are some ideal situations for candidates wanting robotic knee replacement surgery:
Health: While this is a minimally invasive procedure, it is still seen as major and not taken lightly. If you are in generally good health and have no medical condition like diabetes, heart disease, or obesity, you have a higher chance of receiving the surgery. Individuals with health conditions have a higher risk of complications during surgery.
Complex Knee Conditions: With the 3D aspect of the robotic knee replacement surgery, individuals who have complex injuries or issues will have a higher chance of having a successful surgery. The 3D aspect allows the surgeon to see the patient’s knee joint and surrounding areas before surgery and will give a better idea of what to expect.
It is important to speak to your doctor about any underlying medical issues you may have to ensure you have a safe and successful surgery.
Book an Appointment Today with The Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute Today!
JOI physicians continue to offer new patient appointments online as convenient options for patients. To set up your appointment today for knee replacement surgery, schedule an appointment with one of our JOI physicians.
Adhesive capsulitis, more commonly known as a frozen shoulder, is a debilitating condition that occurs when the tissue in the shoulder joint thickens and tightens up, causing extreme pain and discomfort. In most cases, individuals do not know they have this condition until their range of motion is significantly limited and they experience pain. This condition has three individual stages. Several factors come into play when developing a frozen shoulder, like age, gender, activity, and underlying conditions. Understanding what adhesive capsulitis is and its main causes is essential while looking for prevention and treatment.
What is Adhesive Capsulitis?
Frozen Shoulder is a condition where the ball-and-socket joint of the shoulder (the glenohumeral joint) stiffens due to the connective tissue thickening and tightening around the area. Normally, this condition develops over time, starting with mild pain and progressing to extreme pain and a significant loss of mobility in the shoulder, almost making it immobile. There are three phases: the freezing phase, the frozen phase, and the thawing phase. Knowing what phase you are at with a frozen shoulder can help you find the best treatment.
Freezing Phase: In this stage, you will notice a reduction in shoulder range of motion and gradual aching of the shoulder.
Frozen Phase: During the second stage, inflammation declines and is replaced by stiffness as the scar tissues form around the shoulder joint.
Thawing Phase: In the third and final stage, inflammation continues to decrease, and the scar tissues are slowly resolving, resulting in gradual improvements in the range of motion in the shoulder.
Detecting adhesive capsulitis and intervening is crucial when experiencing this condition. The symptoms of a frozen shoulder can worsen over time, especially if left untreated. Seek professional help as soon as you become aware of the symptoms, such as shoulder pain, reduced range of motion, and stiffness. By seeking professional help early on, you may have a better outcome and faster recovery than those who wait.
Main Causes of Frozen Shoulder
Gender and Age: Adhesive capsulitis is more prominent in people over 40 years of age, more specifically in women. Menopause hormonal changes and imbalances are linked to the cause of a frozen shoulder. This is because, during menopause, women experience a decrease in muscle tone due to falling estrogen levels. To create a balance, it is important to focus on muscle toning by incorporating daily exercises.
Diabetes: One of the biggest risk factors associated with a frozen shoulder is diabetes. People with diabetes have a higher risk of developing frozen shoulder for a few reasons. Elevated blood glucose levels can lead to an accumulation of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) in the shoulder joint tissues, leading to inflammation, stiffness, and weakness. Another reason diabetics are predisposed to frozen shoulder is because glucose molecules attach to the lining of the shoulder, causing stiffness and pain in the area.
Shoulder Trauma and Surgeries: After an injury occurs, you may find yourself using your shoulder less. This can be problematic since a frozen shoulder often happens when the shoulder is not being used regularly. Like with injuries, after surgery, you may want to withhold from using your shoulder, which is why doctors are known to advocate for shoulder movement after surgery. Without keeping your shoulder mobile, you are creating a higher risk of developing a frozen shoulder.
Inactivity: When the shoulder is not being moved regularly, the connective tissues surrounding the joint become thicker, leading to the discomfort and pain associated with adhesive capsulitis. Long periods of inactivity, especially after surgery, may cause an increase in inflammation and tightness.
Prevention and Treatments For Adhesive Capsulitis
Preventative Tips
Exercising:Regular exercise is one of the main ways to prevent a frozen shoulder and promote shoulder health. Engaging in specific exercises that target the shoulder joint and surrounding muscles will promote flexibility and strengthen the muscles. Stretching exercises can help improve the range of motion of the shoulder joint, whereas exercises can help build up strength in the shoulder muscles.
Taking Breaks: While one of the main ways of preventing a frozen shoulder is by regularly engaging the shoulder muscles, overuse can cause injury. Be sure to take regular breaks when doing exercises or stretches to prevent injury and overuse.
Proper Posture: Practicing proper posture and good ergonomics is essential for shoulder health and preventing adhesive capsulitis. Poor posture often leads to muscle imbalances and puts extra strain on the shoulder joint. To maintain good posture, be sure to sit with your back straight and shoulders relaxed, avoid slouching, keep your head aligned with your spine, and use ergonomic chairs and desks, especially if you have an office job.
Treatments:
Physical Therapy: Physical therapy is a less invasive option that can significantly help reduce the pain and limited range of motion when treating a frozen shoulder. A physical therapist will create a personalized stretch and exercise routine while guiding and working with you when treating a frozen shoulder.
Corticosteroid Injections: A corticosteroid injection is a minimally invasive and quick procedure. While the injection provides temporary relief, it can improve shoulder mobility over time if followed through.
Joint Distension: Joint distension is when fluid is injected into the shoulder joint to help stretch the tissue surrounding the shoulder joint. This improves comfort and range of motion in patients.
Manipulation Under Anesthesia (MUA): A MUA is a surgical procedure where the surgeon manipulates the shoulder joint to break up adhesions while the patient is under anesthesia. This is typically followed by physical therapy.
Book an Appointment with The Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute Today!
Are you experiencing extreme shoulder pain and discomfort, along with a decreased range of motion? You may be in the first stage of adhesive capsulitis. Seek professional help for the prevention and treatment of a frozen shoulder to improve your quality of life.
JOI Physicians continue to offer online new patient appointments. This is a convenient option for new patients looking for high-quality care. Contact JOI today to start your online new patient appointment.
Experiencing hip pain can be a debilitating feeling. Your hips bear most of your weight when walking or running, and when you experience discomfort in them, it can impact your daily activities and lifestyle. There are several different reasons why you may be experiencing hip pain or discomfort, like having a degenerative disease, a past injury, or an off-balance stride. While there are several different treatments available for hip pain, some often overlook how you can adjust the way you walk. Adjusting your stride can be the first step in alleviating hip pain or discomfort. While it may not be a cure, it can improve comfort and promote mobility.
How Hip Pain is Connected to Your Stride?
Your stride, or the way you walk, can cause chronic hip pain if done incorrectly. Stride includes several different factors of walking and running, like the length of your steps, your body’s posture, and the force you allow when taking steps. Having an unbalanced stride can lead to extreme discomfort or pain. Making simple adjustments can help with hip pain relief.
Your hips tend to bear most of the body’s weight when walking or running. If your stride is uneven, off-balanced, too long, or too short, it can place an unnecessary amount of stress on the joints and muscles of the hip. Adjusting your foot alignment, stride length, and posture are a few ways you can improve your stride in promoting hip pain relief.
Stride Adjustments: Providing Hip Pain Relief
Knowing the adjustments you can make to your stride will improve your hip health and overall mobility. A well-balanced stride and gait will allow the distribution of force and stress evenly across the joints and muscles. When your stride becomes altered due to an injury, disease, or discomfort, you will be more prone to experiencing chronic hip pain or worsening the condition you may already have. Most people tend to put more weight on the hip that is not hurting in hopes of reducing their pain. This can actually cause more discomfort. Here are a few adjustments you can make when fixing your stride and gait to improve mobility and comfort.
1. Foot Alignment
Having correct foot alignment while you walk is one of the first steps in improving your stride. Make sure your feet land in a neutral position while your toes are pointing forward. Consider purchasing insoles for your shoes if you notice discomfort when adjusting your foot alignment. Having a wider stance when walking can also improve your stride and reduce hip pain and discomfort. This will engage different muscle groups and reduce pressure on your hips.
2. Shortening Your Stride
Focus on taking shorter, more controlled steps rather than longer steps and having an overstride. Shorter steps will allow your foot to land closer to your body, reducing the impact of weight on your hips, and minimizing joint pain.
3. Pelvic Tilt and Hip Rotation
Most people walk with a pelvic tilt, creating an imbalance leading to strain on the hip muscles and ligaments. Along with pelvic tilt, many individuals have some hip rotation. Excessive or inadequate hip rotation can place strain on the muscles and joints. A lack of rotation can lead to stiffness, while over-rotation can cause instability and pain. Adjusting your pelvic tilt and your hip rotation to be neutral rather than forward or backward will allow a form of hip pain relief.
4. Engaging Your Core and Glutes
Engaging your core and glutes while walking will help stabilize the hips. A strong core helps support your pelvis, reducing the strain on your hip joints. To engage your core, focus on maintaining slight tension in your abdominal muscles as you walk, and engage your glutes to continue reducing the stress on your hips and promoting proper hip function.
5. Maintaining an Upright Posture
Good posture is essential when adjusting your stride. Keeping your head up, shoulders back, and spine straight while you walk or run will help take off any unnecessary pressure on your hips and lower back. A strong, upright posture will allow for more efficient movement and alleviate discomfort.
6. Taking Breaks
When walking for extended periods of time, you should allow yourself time to rest and take a break to prevent fatigue and overuse. Long periods of repetitive movements can make hip pain worse, so try giving yourself time to rest and recover.
Understanding Hip Pain and Its Causes
The joint of the hip is called a ball-and-socket joint. This joint supports the body’s weight while allowing a wide range of motion. The hip joint is considered to be the largest and most important joint in the body, allowing for movements like walking or running. Although it may be one of the most important joints, the hip joint is vulnerable to conditions that can lead to discomfort. Here are some common causes of hip pain:
Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that causes cartilage in the hip joint to wear down. This can not only result in pain and discomfort but also in stiffness and reduced mobility.
Bursitis: When the bursa, a fluid-filled sac cushioning the hip joint, is inflamed, pain and discomfort in the side of the hip are commonly experienced.
Tendinitis: When the tendon is strained or overused, you may experience tendinitis, which leads to severe discomfort or pain.
Injuries: Injuries to the hip can also cause chronic hip pain.
While many of these conditions require medical treatment or physical therapy, adjusting your stride can significantly reduce strain on your hip joint and help you find hip pain relief. Before looking into physical therapy, medical treatments, or surgery, try adjusting your stride first so you can alleviate discomfort quickly.
Book an Appointment With Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute Today!
At JOI, you can easily schedule a new patient appointment through our website. Connect with a physician who specializes in hip pain relief to help address your discomfort and improve your quality of life. Contact us today to book a consultation and discover the range of services we offer to alleviate hip pain.
Shoulder pain can be an extremely debilitating condition, particularly because the shoulder plays a crucial role in everyday activities for almost all individuals. Activities like throwing a ball, working out, and lifting a child all require movement from the shoulder. The shoulder is essential even for small day-to-day tasks like reaching on a shelf. While the shoulder is essential for daily activities, shoulder injuries are extremely common, like strains, sprains, and torn tendons and ligaments. In most cases, less invasive treatments like physical therapy, medications, rest, and injections provide the necessary relief. But there are times when shoulder surgery may be the only viable option.
Understanding Shoulder Anatomy
Shoulder anatomy is composed of several different things, like joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. The shoulder joint is called a ball-and-socket joint, meaning the upper arm fits into a socket in the shoulder blade. This joint is a mobile joint that allows for a wide range of motion, making it possible to throw, lift, and rotate our shoulders. The rotator cuff plays a crucial role in stabilizing the shoulder. It consists of a group of four muscles and their connecting tendons.
The shoulder and rotator cuff are especially vulnerable to injury and wear and tear that can lead to a significant amount of pain and reduced range of motion. When injured or torn, you may start looking for treatment options or even surgery.
When to Consider Shoulder Surgery?
Most shoulder injuries can be treated with noninvasive procedures or methods like physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and injections. While this is true, there are several reasons why shoulder surgery may be needed. Depending on the pain level, the reduction in mobility, and stability, you may need to think about shoulder surgery. Here are a few examples of when shoulder surgery may be necessary:
1. Chronic Pain
When experiencing chronic shoulder pain, it is important you try noninvasive procedures or methods first, like physical therapy, injections, or medications. After a while, if the pain persists or grows, you may need to look into the surgical route. Sometimes the underlying cause of the pain needs to be treated with surgery rather than a conservative treatment.
An example of this would be a rotator cuff tear. Sometimes people may experience a tear that won’t heal on its own with physical therapy or medication. If you have tried these treatments and there are no signs of improvement, it may be time to consider shoulder surgery.
2. Severe Rotator Cuff Tears
The rotator cuff plays a huge role in the mobility of our shoulders and consists of muscles and tendons that help stabilize the joint. A rotator cuff tear can occur from an injury or even develop over time from repetitive motions. In severe cases, the tendon is completely torn, causing an extreme reduction in mobility. If a rotator cuff tear is large or the tendon has retracted and cannot be repaired, shoulder surgery may be necessary.
3. Loss of Mobility and Range of Motion
If you experience a sudden loss of your range of motion, this could be an indication that surgery is needed. Being unable to lift your arm, reach overhead, or perform everyday activities due to shoulder stiffness or weakness may signal an underlying issue.
Some conditions like adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) can lead to stiffness, discomfort, and reduced range of motion. Some severe cases may require surgery to restore mobility and function if conservative treatments don’t alleviate the pain.
4. Shoulder Instability or Dislocations
Shoulder dislocations occur when the ball of the upper arm is pulled out of the socket and mainly occur from trauma or sports-related injury. Frequent shoulder dislocations can lead to shoulder instability and may indicate the need for surgery. After being dislocated several times, the ligaments and tendons of the shoulder may need to be repaired to restore the joint.
5. Fractures
Shoulder fractures are common, particularly in older adults and athletes. Fractures of the humerus, scapula, or clavicle can cause significant pain, swelling, and bruising, and in severe cases, the bone fragments may need to be realigned and secured.
Shoulder fractures are often common in elders or athletes and can cause a significant amount of pain, especially if the humerus, scapula, or clavicle is damaged. These fractures can cause swelling and bruising, and in severe cases, bone fragments may need to be realigned through surgery.
6. Arthritis and Degenerative Conditions
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that can affect the shoulder joint, leading to pain, stiffness, and loss of function. In advanced cases of shoulder arthritis, non-surgical treatments may offer temporary relief. When the arthritis becomes severe and the joint is no longer able to function properly, surgery may need to be considered.
Types of Shoulder Surgeries
Depending on the condition or injury, there are several shoulder surgeries you may need to consider; here are a few:
Arthroscopic Surgery: A minimally invasive surgery that involves small incisions and the use of a camera (arthroscope) to guide the surgeon in repairing or removing damaged tissue. It is commonly used for rotator cuff tears, labral tears, and shoulder impingement.
Shoulder Replacement (Arthroplasty): In cases of advanced arthritis or joint degeneration, shoulder replacement surgery may be necessary.
Labral Repair or Reconstruction: This surgery is used to treat tears in the labrum, which is the cartilage that helps stabilize the shoulder joint. It may be necessary for individuals with shoulder instability or dislocations.
Fracture Repair: For displaced fractures, surgery may involve the use of plates, screws, or rods to align and stabilize the bones during the healing process.
Rotator Cuff Repair: This surgery is performed to repair tears in the rotator cuff tendons. It may involve stitching the tendon back together or reattaching it to the bone.
Book an Appointment with Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute Today!
Are you dealing with shoulder pain or discomfort? At JOI, our specialized shoulder physicians are dedicated to helping you regain mobility and get back to your daily activities. Book a new patient appointment today through our website!
Shoulder pain is a common complaint, affecting individuals of all ages and lifestyles. The shoulder is a complex joint with a wide range of motion, making it susceptible to injury. Two of the most common causes of shoulder pain are tendinitis and bursitis. While these conditions may share similar symptoms and both involve inflammation, they are distinct issues with different causes, treatments, and recovery timelines. Understanding the differences between tendinitis and bursitis is key to proper diagnosis and treatment, allowing for a more effective path to recovery.
What is Tendinitis?
Tendinitis is an inflammation of a tendon, the thick fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone. Tendinitis in the shoulder most commonly affects the tendons of the rotator cuff, a group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder. These tendons are essential for overhead movements, such as lifting, reaching, or throwing.
When a tendon becomes overused, injured, or subjected to repetitive motion, it can become inflamed, leading to tendinitis. Tendinitis can also occur due to age-related wear and tear as tendons lose flexibility and elasticity over time. This condition is often the result of repetitive motions, poor posture, or improper techniques during physical activities, especially sports or jobs that require heavy lifting.
Common causes of shoulder tendinitis include:
Repetitive overhead movements or activities (e.g., throwing, lifting, swimming)
Poor posture that puts strain on the shoulder
Direct trauma or injury to the shoulder
Aging, which causes wear and tear on tendons
What is Bursitis?
Bursitis refers to the inflammation of a bursa, a small, fluid-filled sac that provides cushioning and reduces friction between bones, tendons, and muscles around a joint. In the shoulder, the bursa that is most commonly affected is the subacromial bursa, which lies between the rotator cuff tendons and the acromion (a part of the scapula). The subacromial bursa helps the tendons glide smoothly as the shoulder moves.
Bursitis is also often caused by overuse, repetitive motion, or trauma. However, it can also be triggered by infection, gout, or certain systemic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. When the bursa becomes inflamed, it can lead to pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving the shoulder.
Common causes of shoulder bursitis include:
Repetitive overhead movements or activities: (e.g., throwing, lifting, swimming)
Direct injury to the shoulder area
Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or gout can affect bursa sacs
Prolonged pressure on the shoulder, such as resting on the elbow for extended periods
How Do Tendinitis and Bursitis Affect the Shoulder?
Both tendinitis and bursitis can lead to significant shoulder pain, but they affect the shoulder in different ways.
Tendinitis: This condition primarily affects the tendons of the rotator cuff, leading to pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the arm. The pain is often worse with overhead motions or when reaching behind the back. In some cases, the pain may also worsen at night, especially if the shoulder is placed in a position that puts pressure on the affected tendon. Over time, tendinitis can lead to tendon degeneration and tears if not treated properly.
Bursitis: This condition affects the bursa, causing pain and swelling in the area around the shoulder joint. This pain is often sharp and can radiate along the upper arm. Bursitis may cause discomfort even with minimal movement, and you may experience pain when lying on the affected side. Unlike tendinitis, bursitis is more likely to cause pain with direct pressure on the shoulder, such as when resting on the elbow or sleeping on that side.
Prevention techniques for these conditions are very similar. Make sure you practice proper posture, warm up before workouts/activities, avoid repetitive movement, and practice shoulder strengthening exercises.
Key Differences Between Tendinitis and Bursitis
While these conditions share some similarities in their symptoms, there are distinct differences between the two. Here are the key ways in which tendinitis and bursitis differ:
Location of Pain:
Tendinitis: The pain is often localized to the tendon itself, typically around the shoulder joint, and can radiate down the arm. It tends to get worse with specific movements, such as lifting the arm overhead.
Bursitis: The pain is often located around the outer shoulder, especially near the point of the shoulder, and can radiate along the upper arm. It may worsen with pressure or when the shoulder is at rest.
Cause of Inflammation
Tendinitis: Inflammation occurs within the tendon, which can become irritated due to repetitive motion, overuse, or injury. Tendinitis may also result from aging or biomechanical issues that strain the tendons.
Bursitis: Inflammation affects the bursa, which is a fluid-filled sac that cushions the tendons and bones in the shoulder. Bursitis is often caused by overuse, injury, or systemic conditions like arthritis.
Range of Motion
Tendinitis: This condition can lead to a limited range of motion, particularly with movements involving lifting or reaching overhead. The pain may restrict arm movements due to the tenderness of the inflamed tendon.
Bursitis: This condition can also lead to a decreased range of motion, especially with arm movement or when pressure is applied to the shoulder. The pain may be more constant, even with minor movements.
Treatment
Tendinitis: Treatment typically involves rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around the shoulder and improve flexibility. In severe cases, corticosteroid injections or surgery may be necessary.
Bursitis: This condition is often treated with rest, ice, and anti-inflammatory medications. Physical therapy can also be helpful in addressing any underlying muscle imbalances. If bursitis is caused by an infection, antibiotics may be required. In some cases, fluid may be aspirated from the bursa to relieve pressure and reduce inflammation.
Diagnosing These Conditions: Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute
Both conditions are diagnosed based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests. During the physical exam, the doctor will assess the range of motion and test for tenderness or swelling around the shoulder. JOI has several physicians who specialize in shoulder injuries and conditions. Contact JOI today to set up an appointment with a shoulder specialist.
Did you know? JOI may be the official medical provider for the Jags, but sometimes we have the opportunity to extend our care and services to visiting teams as well! At last night’s Gator Bowl, Dr. Smith and Dr. Von Thron were on the sidelines with MA Macy and ATCs Amber and Ben providing on the field care to both Duke and Ole Miss! We are so proud of our team and honored to have been a part of the TaxSlayer Gator Bowl 2025!
JOI is “Where the Pros Go” … even if the pros are just passing through!
Hip arthroplasty, commonly known as hip replacement surgery, is a life-changing procedure that can offer significant relief to individuals suffering from chronic hip pain, arthritis, or joint degeneration. This surgery involves replacing the damaged parts of the hip joint with artificial components, restoring mobility, and improving the quality of life.
However, like any major surgery, hip arthroplasty requires careful consideration, preparation, and a commitment to post-operative care.
What is Hip Arthroplasty Surgery?
Hip arthroplasty surgery is performed to replace a worn-out or damaged hip joint with an artificial one, made from durable material like metal, plastic, or ceramic. The procedure is typically recommended for individuals suffering from severe hip pain or disability, often caused by conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fractures, or avascular necrosis.
Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA): This is the most common procedure, where both the acetabulum and femoral head are replaced with artificial components.
Hip Resurfacing: This is a less invasive procedure typically reserved for younger, more active patients. It involves capping the femoral head with a metal covering, rather than replacing it entirely.
The goal of hip replacement surgery is to reduce pain, restore mobility, and allow patients to return to their everyday activities.
Preparing for Hip Arthroplasty Surgery
Like with any other surgery, there are things you may need to prepare beforehand for a successful operation.
Pre-Operative Assessment and Tests
Before the surgery, your orthopedic surgeon will perform a thorough evaluation. This may include a physical exam, blood tests, and imaging studies (such as X-rays or MRIs) to assess the extent of damage to your hip joint. You will also discuss your medical history, any medications you are taking, and other health conditions that could affect the surgery or recovery process.
In the days leading up to your surgery, your surgeon may advise you to stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners, to reduce the risk of complications. You might also be asked to refrain from smoking and drinking alcohol, as these can impair healing and increase the risk of infections.
Physical Therapy (Pre-Hab)
Some surgeons recommend pre-operative physical therapy to help strengthen the muscles around the hip and increase the chances of a smoother recovery. Physical therapy may involve exercises to enhance flexibility, strength, and balance.
Organizing your Home and Support System
The first few days or weeks after surgery you will need some assistance, it is important to prepare your home and environment. Consider making modifications like clearing pathways, setting up a comfortable resting area, and organizing essential items within easy reach. You may also want to arrange for a friend, family member, or caregiver to assist with daily tasks during the initial recovery phase.
The Day of Surgery: What to Expect
On the day of surgery, you will likely be asked to arrive several hours before the scheduled hip arthroplasty procedure. Here are a few hospital preparations that may be done:
Hospital Admission and Preparation
Once you are admitted into the hospital and placed in a pre-operative area, you will change into a hospital gown and an intravenous (IV) line will be inserted into your arm for the administration of fluids and medications. The surgical team will verify your identity, the surgical site, and the planned procedure to prevent any errors.
Anesthesia
You’ll be given anesthesia before the surgery begins. There are two types of anesthesia:
General Anesthesia: If administered, you will be fully asleep throughout the procedure.
Regional anesthesia: In some cases, a spinal or epidural block may be used to numb the lower part of your body, allowing you to remain awake but relaxed.
The Surgery
Hip replacement surgery typically takes around 1 to 2 hours. The surgeon will make an incision over the hip area, remove the damaged joint components, and replace them with artificial hip components. In the case of total hip arthroplasty, the surgeon will replace both the femoral head and the acetabulum. The surgery is typically done through a posterior, lateral, or anterior approach, depending on the surgeon’s preference and the patient’s anatomy.
Post-Operative Recovery
After the surgery, you will be moved to a recovery room where the medical staff will monitor your vital signs and ensure that the anesthesia wears off safely. You may experience some grogginess, nausea, or discomfort, but these will usually subside within a few hours.
At Home Recovery: Weeks 1-6
After leaving the hospital, your recovery will continue at home. Here’s what to expect during the first few weeks of recovery from hip arthroplasty:
Managing Pain and Swelling
You may still experience some swelling and discomfort in the first few weeks following surgery. Continue following your pain management plan given by your physician and use ice packs to reduce swelling.
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy will be an essential part of your recovery. You will gradually progress to more challenging exercises, including strengthening, balance training, and range of motion exercises.
Returning to Daily Activities
At this stage, you’ll gradually begin to return to your daily activities, such as walking short distances, climbing stairs, and performing light household chores. Strenuous activities like driving or exercising may be restricted until later in your recovery.
Long-Term Recovery
Most people can return to their normal activities within 3 to 6 months following hip arthroplasty, although full recovery can take up to a year or longer.
You will continue with physical therapy throughout the recovery process. The goal is to restore full strength, flexibility, and function in your hip, ensuring you can move freely and comfortably. As you regain mobility and strength, your physical therapist will guide you through exercises to improve endurance and flexibility.
Be sure to schedule and attend any follow-up appointments to monitor your recovery and ensure the hip replacement is functioning properly.
Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute
Hip pain is a common problem that can cause discomfort and reduce your mobility, making you unable to live life to the fullest. JOI hip physicians are experienced in diagnosing and treating hip pain. Book an appointment today with a JOI physician to discuss hip pain and discomfort.
Sports Medicine Injuries are an unfortunate yet common reality for athletes at all levels, from casual weekend activities to professional athletes. These injuries can range from minor strains to more serious, long-term conditions that can significantly impact performance. However, by understanding how to avoid injuries, properly treat them when they occur, and follow a recovery plan, athletes can reduce their risk of injury and recover more efficiently. With the right knowledge and approach, athletes can stay in top shape and bounce back from setbacks faster
Avoiding Sports Medicine Injuries
The best thing you can do as an athlete is to prevent injuries altogether. While some injuries are unavoidable, there are several steps athletes can take to reduce the risk.
Warm-up and Cool-Down Techniques
One of the most crucial aspects of sports medicine injury prevention is performing a proper warm-up and cool-down routine. Warming up prepares the body for physical activity by increasing blood flow to the muscles and raising body temperature, which helps prevent strains and tears. A good warm-up should include dynamic stretching, light aerobic exercises, and sport-specific movements that mimic the activity you’re about to perform.
After exercising, a cool-down should be done. Cooling down helps the body return to its resting state and allows the muscles to relax. Static stretching is ideal during the cool-down phase, helping to improve flexibility and prevent muscle tightness that could lead to injury.
Strengthen and Condition your Muscles
Muscle imbalances, weakness, and lack of flexibility are often contributing factors to sports medicine injuries. Incorporating strength training and conditioning into your routine can help address these issues. Focus on strengthening key muscle groups used in your sport, and be sure to include exercises for core strength, stability, and flexibility.
It’s also important to balance training for all muscle groups. For example, in runners, weak hip and core muscles can lead to knee injuries. Strengthening the hip and core muscles can help prevent this. Training all muscle groups evenly will also help avoid compensatory movements that lead to overuse injuries.
Using Proper Technique and Form
Proper technique is essential for minimizing the risk of injury, especially in high-impact or repetitive sports like running, weightlifting, or tennis. Whether it’s lifting weights, playing basketball, or swimming, mastering the correct form is crucial in avoiding sports medicine injuries.
Improper form can strain muscles and joints, leading to acute injuries or long-term wear and tear. For example, improper running mechanics can increase the risk of shin splints or stress fractures, while incorrect lifting techniques can cause back or shoulder injuries.
If you are unsure about your form, consider working with a professional coach or trainer to ensure you are performing movements correctly.
Rest and Recovery
Rest and recovery are essential to preventing injuries. Overtraining is a major contributor to injury, as it leads to fatigue and increases the likelihood of overuse injuries. Make sure to schedule regular rest days, get enough sleep, and allow time for your body to recover from intense workouts or competitions.
Listen to your body, if you feel pain, fatigue, or soreness that doesn’t go away with rest, it’s important to address it before it becomes a larger issue.
Treating Sports Medicine Injuries
While you can take the necessary precautions to avoid injuries, they can still occur. When they do, it’s crucial to treat them properly to minimize damage and promote a quicker recovery.
Following the R.I.C.E. Method
For most acute sports injuries, the R.I.C.E. method is the first line of treatment. R.I.C.E. stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation
Rest: Avoid using the injured body part to prevent further damage. Resting helps reduce inflammation and gives the tissue time to heal.
Ice: Applying ice to the injury reduces swelling and pain. Ice should be applied for 15-20 minutes every 1-2 hours during the first 48 hours after the injury occurred.
Compression: Wrapping the injured area with an elastic bandage can help control swelling and support the tissue.
Elevation: Elevate the injured area above the level of the heart to reduce swelling and promote fluid drainage.
Seek Medical Attention
If you experience severe pain, cannot move the injured body part, or notice significant swelling or deformities, it’s essential to see a healthcare provider immediately. X-rays, MRIs, or other imaging tests may be necessary to rule out fractures, tears, or other serious injuries.
A physician or physical therapist can help you develop a treatment plan tailored to your injury and guide you through the recovery process.
Pain Management
Managing pain is a crucial part of injury treatment. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or aspirin can help reduce pain and swelling. However, they should be used with caution and only as directed. Always consult with a healthcare provider before using medications, especially if you have underlying health conditions.
Surgical Intervention
For severe injuries, such as ligament tears, fractures, or ruptured tendons, surgery may be necessary to repair the damage. Surgery should always be considered as a last resort after conservative treatments have been exhausted.
Recovering from Sports Medicine Injuries
Physical Therapy:
Once the pain has subsided, physical therapy plays a vital role in the recovery process. A physical therapist will design a program to help restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion to the injured area. Doing this will re-train the muscles and promote joint mobility.
Gradual Return to Activity
After an injury, it’s essential to return to physical activity gradually to prevent re-injuring the body part. Start with low-impact exercises, such as swimming or cycling, to build up strength and stamina.
Monitoring Progress
During the recovery process, it’s essential to track your progress and avoid pushing through pain. If pain or discomfort returns, take a step back and rest. In addition, continue to work on injury prevention techniques throughout your recovery.
Book an Appointment with The Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute today!
Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute offers sports medicine programs for all athletes with sports medicine injuries. Our Physicians specialize in sport-related injuries to ensure athletes in the area are taken care of. Book an appointment today to learn more about our sports medicine programs.
Foot and ankle injuries are some of the most common lower extremity injuries people experience, whether due to sports, accidents, or everyday wear and tear. The structure of the foot and ankle is unique and involves many bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, and muscles, making them vulnerable to injuries. Understanding the symptoms and treatment options for these injuries is crucial for timely recovery and effective management.
1. Ankle Sprains
Ankle sprains occur when the ligaments in the ankle are stretched or torn, typically due to sudden twisting or rolling of the foot and ankle. This is one of the most common injuries, especially in athletes. If you participate in high-impact or agility sports like basketball, soccer, and running you may be more susceptible to this injury.
Symptoms:
Pain or Tenderness around the ankle, especially on the outer side may mean you have a sprain.
Swelling and bruising can develop immediately after rolling your ankle or even develop a few hours after.
It is common to experience a limited range of motion due to pain or stiffness.
Treatments:
R.I.C.E Method: The R.I.C.E method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) helps reduce swelling and pain you may experience when your sprain occurs.
Rest: The ankle should be kept elevated and rested or in serious cases may require a brace or splint to prevent further damage.
Physical Therapy: Once the pain and swelling subsides, exercises to strengthen the ankle and restore flexibility are crucial for a full recovery.
Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, like ibuprofen, can help manage pain and inflammation.
Surgery: In severe cases, where the ligaments are torn, surgery may be required to repair the damage completely.
2. Fractures of the Foot and Ankle
Fractures can result from direct trauma, such as a fall or car accident, or from repetitive stress. Common fracture sites include the talus, calcaneus, metatarsals, and fibula.
Symptoms:
Severe pain is oftentimes experienced when a fracture occurs especially when trying to move the foot and ankle.
Swelling and bruising may show up after the injury has occurred.
Treatments:
Immobilization: For non-displaced fractures, a cast or boot may be used to keep the bones in place during the healing process.
Surgery: Displaced fractures, where the bones have shifted out of place, may require surgery to realign bones and stabilize them with plates, screws, or pins.
Rehabilitation: Physical therapy may be needed, especially after immobilization or surgery. This is used to restore strength, flexibility, and function of the foot and ankle.
Medication: Prescription pain medications may be needed during the early stages of recovery.
3. Achilles Tendonitis and Tendon Rupture
The Achilles tendon connects the calf muscles to the heel bone and plays a vital role in walking, running, and jumping. Achilles tendonitis occurs when the tendon becomes irritated and inflamed, usually due to overuse or sudden increase in physical activity. A rupture of the Achilles tendon is a more severe injury and occurs during intense activities.
Symptoms of Tendonitis:
Pain along the back of the ankle is common, especially during physical activity.
Stiffness or swelling in the foot and ankle.
Tenderness when pressing on the Achilles tendon.
Symptoms of a Rupture:
Sudden, sharp pain in the back of the ankle.
Swelling and bruising around the heel and ankle.
Inability to walk in tiptoe.
Treatment:
Rest: Rest and ice the area to reduce inflammation for tendonitis.
Exercises: Stretching and strengthening exercises are important in tendonitis recovery, especially in preventing further injury.
Surgery: In some cases of a rupture, surgery is often required to repair the tendons.
Physical Therapy: Whether for tendonitis or after surgery, physical therapy exercises are essential in restoring strength and flexibility to the tendon.
4. Plantar Fasciitis
One of the most common causes of heel pain is plantar fasciitis. This occurs when the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot from the heel to the toes, becomes inflamed. This injury is often related to overuse, improper footwear, or having flat feet or high arches.
Symptoms:
Sharp pain in the heel, especially when taking the first steps after waking up. This pain typically increases after long periods of standing or walking.
Swelling or tenderness at the bottom of the heel.
Treatments:
Rest: Elevating the foot and ankle while applying ice can help reduce inflammation and relieve pain.
Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can guide exercise to improve foot and ankle mechanics to strengthen the muscles of the foot.
Corticosteroid Injections: In severe cases of persistent pain, a doctor may recommend an injection to reduce inflammation.
Surgery: Surgery is rarely required but may be considered if your pain persists for more than a year. Doctors will recommend trying less invasive treatments before resorting to surgery.
5. Bunions
A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe. It develops when the bones in the front of the foot shift out of place, causing the big toe to angle toward the second toe. This condition is hereditary but can also be aggravated by wearing tight or ill-fitting shoes. High heels are often causes of bunions, so women are more likely to develop them than men.
Symptoms:
A Noticeable bump at the base of the big toe.
Pain in the joint area of the big toe, which worsens with activity or wearing tight shoes.
Swelling and redness of the joint.
Limited movement of the big toe.
Treatment:
Footwear: Wearing shoes with a wide toe box and supportive arch can help reduce pressure on the bunion.
Orthotic devices: Custom insoles or toe spacers can help realign the toes and reduce discomfort.
Surgical Removal: In severe cases, when other treatments do not provide relief, surgery is used to remove the bunion and realign the toes.
Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute
At JOI, our healthcare providers specialize in diagnosing and treating various foot and ankle injuries. Our physicians continue to offer online new patient appointments. Contact us today to schedule an appointment with a JOI foot doctor to find the relief you deserve.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that affects many different groups of people but more specifically those who engage in repetitive hand movements or maintain prolonged wrist positions. To maintain health and avoid discomfort in the hand and wrist, it is important to understand what CTS is and how to prevent it as well as get a diagnosis and treatment plan.
What Exactly is CTS?
The carpal tunnel is a narrow passage in the wrist that is surrounded by bones and ligaments through which the median nerve passes. This nerve controls sensations in all the fingers except the little finger and signals to muscles at the base of the thumb. When the carpal tunnel becomes compressed it can lead to swelling, pain, numbness, and weakness in the hands, this is known as CTS.
What Causes Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Several different things can cause carpal tunnel, here are a few possibilities:
Repetitive Movement of The Hand and Wrist: Activities that involve repetitive extension or flexion of the wrist like typing or playing an instrument can lead to discomfort and swelling of the wrist.
Wrist Position: While you are typing or using your cellphone, your wrist stays in a bent position for a prolonged amount of time. This can cause an increase in pressure in the carpal tunnel resulting in CTS.
Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and thyroid disorders can increase the risk of developing CTS. Pregnancy can also lead to CTS because of the changes in hormones and fluid retention.
Diagnosing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
To diagnose CTS, you need to consult a healthcare professional. Here are a few factors that help get the diagnosis of CTS.
Medical History: Your doctor will need to take your medical history before diagnosing. Tell them about your symptoms, when they began, and their severity. They may also ask about any pre-existing conditions that could play a role in the symptoms you are experiencing.
Physical Exam: After taking history, your doctor may want to continue with a physical examination. During this exam, your doctor will assess your hands and wrists for signs of CTS. There are two specific tests that may be performed:
Tinel’s Sign is a test that involves tapping over the median nerve at the wrist to see if it produces any tingling or pain in the finger.
Phalen’s Maneuver requires you to flex the wrist for 60 seconds to check for numbness or tingling in the fingers.
Nerve Conduction Studies: Nerve Conduction Studies may be performed to rule out any other medical condition. This is a helpful study for doctors to ensure they give a correct diagnosis.
Ultrasound: Doing an ultrasound exam will allow the doctor to confirm the diagnosis as well as see the severity of your case. The ultrasound is a non-invasive test that will let the doctor visualize the median nerve and the area around it.
Treatments for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Depending on the severity of your case, you may have a couple of options available for treatment. Discuss with your doctor to figure out which treatment plan will give you the best results.
Mild to Moderate Treatments:
Wrist Splinting: Wearing a wrist splint during the night will help keep the wrist in a neutral position. This can help reduce the pressure on the median nerve.
Changing your Activities: Modifying and taking breaks from activities that put more stress on your hands and wrist can help alleviate symptoms.
Cold Therapy: Applying ice to the wrist can help reduce inflammation and swelling. Ice your wrist for 15-20 minutes several times a day, especially after rigorous activities.
Medications: Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and naproxen can help relieve pain and reduce inflammation. In more serious cases, corticosteroid injections may be recommended to reduce swelling and relieve pressure on the median nerve.
Physical Therapy: Physical therapy may be necessary in serious cases of CTS. This treatment can be beneficial for strengthening muscles around the wrist and improving flexibility. A physical therapist can also provide exercises tailored to you to help alleviate symptoms and educate you on proper wrist mechanics.
Surgery: If you are unable to experience relief from any of the other treatments listed, surgery may be an option for you. The most common procedure is called carpal tunnel release. This involves cutting the ligament that is pressing on your median nerve. This surgery can be performed through open surgery or by using minimally invasive techniques and has a high success rate. Recovery may involve physical therapy.
Prevention Tips for CTS
Ergonomic Workspace: One of the most effective ways of preventing CTS is to change up your workspace and make ergonomic adjustments. Some changes you can make to your area are keeping the mouse and keyboard at elbow height, adjusting your chair height so your feet rest flat on the floor, and keeping your monitor height at eye level. These small changes help keep your hands and wrists in the proper positions that help prevent CTS.
Stretching and Building Strength: Incorporating wrist and hand exercises into your daily life can help maintain flexibility and improve muscle support around the wrist.
Using Proper Technique and Limiting Strain: Be mindful of your posture and how you use your wrist while typing or engaging in manual tasks. Focus on keeping your wrists straight and avoid over-flexing or extending the hands. If possible, you should also focus on avoiding prolonged staining of the hand and wrist. Try working on alternating hands when using your cell phone and switching to tasks that require less strain on the wrists.
Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute
If you feel like you may have carpal tunnel syndrome, contact us at Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute today. We have a variety of physicians who specialize in treatment plans for CTS and would love to give you the care you deserve. JOI strives to provide quality healthcare services to all of their patients. If you have any questions or need to make an appointment for your CTS, contact JOI at 904-564-2000 or visit our website.
